Insertion Sort Algorithm
Today we will talk about Insertion Sort Algorithm.
In insertion sort we traverse the unsorted array sequentially.
It is similar to selection sort because both are in-place sort and both use the first (left) part of the unsorted array as the sorted array and last part (right) as the unsorted array. If the sorted part has n sorted elements, then the next element we process has to traverse and compare with all elements of the sorted part until it reaches its point of insertion.
In insertion we have to take chunks of two all the time.
take the following sample array: A = [40, 20, 30, 10, 60, 15, 0, 1]
step 1: take A[0] = 40 and A[1] = 20, compare both values, if the second element is less than the second value then swap the values.
The modified array: A = [20, 40, 30, 10, 60, 15, 0, 1]
step 2: take A[1] = 40 and A[2] = 30, compare both values, if the second element is less than the second value then swap the values.
The modified array: A = [20, 30, 40, 10, 60, 15, 0, 1]
step 3: take A[2] = 40 and A[3] = 10, compare both values, if the second element is less than the second value then swap the values. In this case we will continue comparing the value of A[3] against all the values in the sorted part until it reaches its insertion point.
A = [20, 30, 10, 40, 60, 15, 0, 1]
A = [20, 10, 30, 40, 60, 15, 0, 1]
A = [10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 15, 0, 1]
The modified array: A = [10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 15, 0, 1]
step 4: take A[3] = 40 and A[4] = 60, compare both values, if the second element is less than the second value then swap the values.
The modified array: A = [10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 15, 0, 1]
step 5: take A[4] = 60 and A[5] = 15, compare both values, if the second element is less than the second value then swap the values. n this case we will continue comparing the value of A[5] against all the values in the sorted part until it reaches its insertion point.
A = [10, 20, 30, 40, 15, 60, 0, 1]
A = [10, 20, 30, 15, 40, 60, 0, 1]
A = [10, 20, 15, 30, 40, 60, 0, 1]
A = [10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 0, 1] - *10 is less than 15 so we found the
insertion point we stop traversing
the sorted array.*
The modified array: A = [10, 15, 20, 13, 40, 60, 0, 1]
step 6: take A[5] = 60 and A[6] = 0, compare both values, if the second element is less than the second value then swap the values. n this case we will continue comparing the value of A[6] against all the values in the sorted part until it reaches its insertion point.
A = [10, 20, 30, 40, 15, 60, 0, 1]
A = [10, 20, 30, 15, 40, 0, 60, 1]
A = [10, 20, 15, 30, 0, 40, 60, 1]
A = [10, 15, 20, 0, 30, 40, 60, 1]
A = [10, 15, 0, 20, 30, 40, 60, 1]
A = [10, 0, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 1]
A = [0, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 1] - we reached the head of the sorted
array that means we found the
insertion point we stop traversing
the sorted array.*
The modified array: A = [0, 10, 15, 20, 13, 40, 60, 1]
step 7: take A[6] = 60 and A[7] = 1, compare both values, if the second element is less than the second value then swap the values. n this case we will continue comparing the value of A[6] against all the values in the sorted part until it reaches its insertion point.
A = [0, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 1]
A = [0, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 1, 60]
A = [0, 10, 15, 20, 30, 1, 40, 60]
A = [0, 10, 15, 20, 1, 30, 40, 60]
A = [0, 10, 15, 1, 20, 30, 40, 60]
A = [0, 10, 1, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60]
A = [0, 1, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60] - since 0 is less than 1, then
that means we found the
insertion point we stop traversing
the sorted array.
**The fully sorted array:
A = [0, 1, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60]**
Please see live code here:
Thanks for reading this article.